According to the study, half of the 614 priests surveyed had experienced aggression against themselves in the past twelve months.
Study author Karol Leszczynski spoke of a "widespread phenomenon".
According to the data, the priests mostly reported mockery, threats and insults. One in three priests surveyed said they had been verbally attacked on the internet. Four per cent of the survey participants had been physically attacked, it said. 19 per cent reported attacks on a church or other religious site in their parish and 15 per cent reported disruptions to church services.
Around one in ten priests reported that property belonging to their parish or a clergyman had been destroyed. There had also been attacks on graves.
According to the study, the vast majority of incidents were not reported to the authorities because they were not categorised as serious enough.
Distorted image or bad experiences?
90 per cent of the priests surveyed said that aggression against clergy had increased over the past ten years. Nevertheless, 81 per cent felt safe or very safe in their parish when wearing a cassock or collared shirt - but four per cent felt at risk.
Outside of their parish, 17 per cent feel unsafe and only 57 per cent feel safe in priestly garb.
Sociologist Leszczynski emphasised that more than half of those surveyed deliberately do not wear a cassock on the street or take other measures to avoid confrontation.
Almost all respondents believe that one reason for the aggression against clergy is the predominantly negative image of priests in the media. 91 per cent cited ideological and political conflicts in Polish society as the cause.
Three quarters assume that people are aggressive because they feel unfairly treated by priests.
The Warsaw-based Church Statistics Institute asked all Roman Catholic and Greek Catholic dioceses in Poland to invite their priests to take part in the online survey in 2024.
Two thirds of the dioceses responded.
According to the institute, the survey is not representative. It was the first survey of its kind.