Wednesday, June 10, 2026

Animal rights campaigners urge Pope to condemn bullfighting during Spain visit

The animal rights group People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (Peta) has urged Pope Leo XIV to denounce bullfighting during his visit to Spain, where each year thousands of bulls are tortured and killed, often on saints’ feast days.

“We pray that you will find it in your heart to follow Pope Francis’ compassionate legacy by doing what he surely would have done had he had more time on Earth, and cut the Catholic Church’s sacrilegious ties to the torture killing of bulls for entertainment,” said Ingrid Newkirk, Peta’s founder.

Two anti-bullfighting protesters wearing T-shirts wearing “bullfighting is a sin” at the Vatican were taken away on 3 June after interrupting Pope Leo’s popemobile before an audience.

“Thousands of bulls are mercilessly tortured and killed each year during Catholic celebrations,” Peta’s campaign said. “Rather than upholding Christ’s teachings of love and mercy, the Catholic Church is actively supporting these sadistic spectacles.

“As numerous countries are wisely banning this sick form of ‘entertainment’, the Catholic Church must immediately cut its shameful ties with bullfighting.”

Several Spanish Catholic priests subsequently released a video defending bullfighting, comparing it to the sacrifice of Christ, despite the Catechism of the Catholic Church forbidding cruelty to animals.  

Pope Pius V condemned bullfighting as “cruel and base spectacles of the devil and not of man” in the 16th century.

The bloodsport subjects the bulls to long, painful deaths: they are repeatedly stabbed with barbed harpoons, before a sword is driven into their lungs and a dagger is used to sever their spinal cord; in some cases, the bull is left paralysed, and sometimes its ears are cut off.

Pope Leo’s procession through Monaco in March was also disrupted by Peta supporters, who threw themselves in front of the popemobile.

The protestors knelt in front of the Pope’s vehicle holding signs saying “Pope Leo: Help End Bullfighting”, until the police arrested them.

In February, Pope Leo was presented with a bullfighter’s cape at the end of his open-air weekly general audience in St Peter’s Square.

Pope Leo is also to visit France in September, where about a thousand bulls are killed in bullfights every year, and in some areas saints’ patronal festivals are celebrated with other traditional sports involving bulls being terrorised before an audience.    

Catholic Charities employee with extensive criminal history charged with embezzlement

A Catholic Charities employee in Charlotte has been charged with embezzlement and money laundering after prosecutors say she used a business credit card for more than $13,000 in personal expenses.

Leah Stewart, age 46, was arrested in late April. She faces felony charges over the unauthorized credit card charges.

A spokesperson for the Diocese of Charlotte said the incident shows that Catholic Charities’ current audit protocols are effective, as the alleged theft was discovered within a few months.

But a retired IRS investigator said the incident should prompt a review of the agency’s preventative controls and hiring practices. In particular, he noted that Stewart was hired to work with vulnerable populations despite having an extensive criminal history, involving violent crimes and the use of multiple different social security numbers and birth dates.

According to court documents, Stewart was hired in December 2024 as a disaster case management supervisor. She was in charge of supervising the intake process for disaster victims and identifying their financial needs.

Between April and June 2025, Stewart used her business credit card for personal expenses, including repairs to her Mercedes, hotel rooms, food, and phone bills, according to the affidavit in the case.

Court documents said that Stewart admitted to using the credit card to pay for her car repairs. This prompted an audit, which discovered a total of just over $13,000 in unauthorized purchases. She was fired on July 1, 2025, and police were notified.

Asked if Catholic Charities in the Diocese of Charlotte is planning to change any policies to prevent similar incidents in the future, a diocesan spokesperson said changes are not necessary.

“The employee passed the background check and our audit protocols worked, so no changes were necessary: The unauthorized charges were quickly detected and the employee was terminated. We are seeking restitution through the courts, after attempting unsuccessfully to work out a repayment plan,” she told The Pillar.

But retired IRS investigator Robert Warren said the situation poses serious questions about Catholic Charities’ internal controls.

Warren, who is an assistant professor of accounting at Radford University and an expert in theft and fraud in ecclesiastical contexts, told The Pillar that there are two types of internal controls used to mitigate risk: preventive controls and detection controls.

“It appears that [Catholic Charities’] detection controls worked, even though it took four months to do so. The fraud was detected fairly quickly,” he said.

But the situation shows that the agency’s preventative controls are lacking, he continued.

He pointed to court documents indicating that Stewart has a criminal record in North Carolina, Georgia, Illinois, and Indiana, and that she has used numerous aliases, social security numbers, and birth dates.

“Defendant has been labeled a violent offender in Iowa for homidice (sic) / attempted homicide,” the document continued.

“Ms. Stewart was hired to provide services to a very vulnerable population,” Warren said.

“A person with this background should not be representing Catholic Charities or have authority over a vulnerable population.”

A spokesperson for the Diocese of Charlotte said Stewart, like all new employees, passed a screening process that included a national criminal background check. Neither the diocese nor Catholic Charities of Charlotte responded to questions from The Pillar about whether the background check had revealed Stewart’s criminal history.

While the diocese says Catholic Charities is not planning to make any changes to hiring processes as a result of the incident, Warren said the agency should re-evaluate its background check protocol, to make sure that it is adequate.

If Stewart’s background check did not uncover her criminal record, he said, Catholic Charities needs to look into a different background check protocol.

On the other hand, he said, if the agency was aware of Stewart’s criminal record, it should revisit its hiring criteria for people who will be working with vulnerable populations.

“Internal controls over the hiring process [are] critical for providing reasonable assurance that only qualified and ethical persons are onboarded,” Warren stressed.

He added that failing to address this issue could lead donors to lose confidence in Catholic Charities as an organization, and could potentially threaten federal funding.

“Dollars are fungible. Every dollar given to Catholic Charities is a dollar you can’t give to someone else,” he said.

He also noted that the case is not an isolated incident.

“I have started collecting data on frauds committed against various Catholic Charities nationwide,” he said. “My list currently includes 16 separate Catholic Charities, including an alleged scheme committed by four co-conspirators who [are] under federal indictment in Milwaukee.”

Diocese of Buffalo asks parishes to declare bankruptcy to fund sexual abuse settlements

The Diocese of Buffalo, New York, issued a statement last month saying announcing that it has encouraged all of its parishes to file for bankruptcy in order to reach a settlement with survivors of sexual abuse.

In a May 30 statement, the diocese said it had asked all its parishes to file Chapter 11 “rapid prepackaged” bankruptcy, which would allow each parish to restructure their finances and avoid liquidating their assets, in order to pay a $150 million settlement with more than 800 clerical abuse survivors and bring the case to an end. 

The diocese stressed that each parish will be bankrupt for only about 48 hours, and the process can proceed only if and when all parishes have approved the proposal.

This development comes nearly a year after the diocese announced that it planned to let go of approximately 22 percent of its staff to help fund the settlement.

Diocese’s statements and assurances to parishioners

“This approach has been discussed among all pastors and is the approach that was followed by parishes in the Diocese of Rockville Centre as well as in the Archdiocese of New Orleans which resulted in the successful resolution and emergence from their respective Chapter 11 cases,” the diocese wrote in its announcement.

“We will provide further updates as this process advances and are heartened at the possibility of at last providing victim-survivors the possibility of closure and healing,” the statement continued. “With the prospect of finally achieving this goal, we look to the future with renewed commitment and focus on our mission and work in service to the Catholic faithful throughout Western New York and our broader community.”

During an interview with ABC7 Buffalo, Monsignor Robert Zapfel, a member of the Diocesan Finance Council, claimed that because the bankruptcy is “limited in scope,” the parishes’ credit won’t be negatively impacted.

Msgr. Zapfel also clarified to the network that if just one parish votes “no,” the entire proposal fails “because the insurance companies will never agree to have that one parish, who could have exposure to one or two, or even no claims, but (they may have) future claims.” 

The monsignor added that if this plan falls through, the diocese would be forced to go back to the drawing board because there is currently no “plan B.”

“It’s a damaging effect. It could have a damaging effect on individual credit ratings of each parish,” Speers told the outlet.

Credibly accused priests previously concelebrated Mass at Zapfel’s parish

It’s worth noting that in 2020 a Mass at St. Leo Church in Amherst, where Zapfel served as pastor at the time, was concelebrated by Father Thomas Gresock, Father Fabian J. Maryanski, and Father Mark J. Wolski, who each were included on the diocese’s list of “Priests with substantiated allegations of child sexual abuse, with Bishop Edward Scharfenberger, the then-interim bishop of Buffalo, serving as the main celebrant.

Scharfenberger later apologized but defended inviting these priests because the event “was a private Mass … not open to the public.”

In the case of Fr. Gresock, Zapfel had personally investigated allegations of sexual abuse against the priest while serving as vice chancellor of the diocese in 1987 and determined them to be credible.

Mother Cabrini Foundation funds

Kevin Brun, a survivor of clerical sex abuse and victims’ advocate in the Diocese of Buffalo, previously told LifeSiteNews that the diocese could easily pay the settlement without taking a dime from parishioners, laying off employees, or negatively affecting the faithful who had nothing to do with these abuse cases by tapping into the Mother Cabrini Health Foundation, a non-profit that supports the healthcare and well-being of “vulnerable New Yorkers” worth about $4 billion. 

The Cabrini Foundation was born from the $3.75 billion sale in 2018 of a non-profit entity, Fidelis Care, a Catholic health insurer run by the bishops of New York’s eight dioceses, whose president was Cardinal Timothy Dolan.

“Cardinal Dolan, in a premeditated move, placed those funds in the Mother Cabrini (Foundation) so it couldn’t be touched to satisfy settlements and abuse cases,” Brun said at the time. “And that’s just a playbook that these dioceses across the country and across the world have followed over the past decades. All they’re concerned about, no matter what narrative they put forth, that they want to do what’s best for survivors; what they really want is to make sure that they protect their financial bottom line. And it’s horrific.”

As previously reported by LifeSite, in August 2025, the diocese announced that it would let go of approximately 22 percent of its staff to help fund the whopping $150 million bankruptcy settlement it had agreed to with hundreds of abuse survivors just months earlier.

Two months earlier, in June, the diocese had also asked parishes to contribute between 10 percent and 80 percent of their revenue to the settlement.

Decades of abuse cover-up

In 2018, reports began to emerge that the Diocese of Buffalo, under the leadership of multiple bishops, had been covering for abusive priests going back decades, including then-Bishop Richard J. Malone. 

The next year, Malone resigned in disgrace after a Vatican investigation revealed that he had covered up the sexual abuse of multiple seminarians and had put a priest who was caught consuming homosexual pornography twice back into ministry, among other charges.

Siobhan O’Connor, Malone’s former secretary, helped bring him down after she blew the whistle on his corrupt behavior during an interview on CBS’ 60 Minutes in 2019.

In 2020, while facing over 900 lawsuits related to abuse cases, the diocese declared chapter 11 bankruptcy, which ultimately led to April’s $150 million settlement. 

In September 2024, Malone’s successor, Bishop Michael Fisher, also announced the closure of nearly 80 churches and “worship sites” as part of a broader restructuring plan called “Road to Renewal.”

Eichstätter diocesan priest dismissed from cleric status

Pope Leo XIV has dismissed a priest from the Eichstätt diocese from the cleric status. 

The reason is the possession of child and youth pornographic content, as the diocese of Eichstätt announces on its website. 

In October 2022, a criminal order against the man became final. 

Subsequently, a preliminary investigation into church law against the clergyman, who was then resident in the district of Ansbach, was resumed in January 2023.

After completion of this investigation, the case was approached by the Vatican Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, as it is called. 

Leo XIV then decided on the appropriate measure after a thorough examination. The dismissal from the cleric stand represents the most serious church law punishment that can be imposed on a priest.

The former priest permanently loses all rights and duties associated with the ordination of priests, it says. He is not allowed to donate sacraments and no longer perform priestly service. 

In addition, he no longer receives a salary from the diocese. 

According to the communication, the state-ordered conditions and restrictions remain unaffected by the decision under church law. 

The employees and the committees of the respective parish association were informed about the decision, according to the diocese.

Archbishop McDowell adds voice to calls for calm

The Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland, the Most Reverend John McDowell, is calling for calm and to give the PSNI the space to conduct its investigation into the knife attack in north Belfast.

Archbishop McDowell said: “There is nothing to be gained from street protest and disorder.

“There is an air of intimidation linked to demands for businesses to close. This is unacceptable and unhelpful. There should be no room in our community for threats such as these to law–abiding enterprises.

“I would appeal for calm in a community that is understandably hurting by what was seen and what was reported. This was a savage and brutal incident and I condemn it outright.

“Society’s best approach is to let the PSNI conduct its investigation into this frightening and vicious knife attack. The Police will be methodical and thorough in the way they fulfil their responsibilities.

“It is reprehensible to brand all newcomers as dangerous illegals. Many families from foreign countries are contributing hugely to wider society and are valued and appreciated.

“They do not deserve to be singled out or targeted.”

Cost of abuse scandal in US soars 82% in single year to $483.5M

The costs of the clerical abuse scandal in the United States soared 82% in the July 2024—June 2025 reporting year, to $483,534,316, according to the U.S. bishops’ Secretariat of Child and Youth Protection.

The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops recently released the annual report mandated by the bishops’ Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People, adopted in 2002. 

The report found that the total cost of the scandal to American dioceses—including settlements, other payments to victims, support for offenders, attorneys’ fees, and other costs—increased 61% between 2023-24 and 2024-25, from $242,799,401 to $389,961,007 (p. 31). 

The costs to religious communities soared 297% between 2023-24 and 2024-25, from $23,565,150 to $93,573,309 (p. 42).

The total costs rose 82% between 2023-24 and 2024-25, from $266,364,551 to $483,534,316 (p. 48). The true costs, however, are likely much higher: only 97% of U.S. dioceses (and eparchies) and 61% of men’s religious institutes responded to requests for data (p. xii).

During 2024-25, 1,070 allegations were lodged by 973 persons. By year’s end, 97 allegations were substantiated, and 49 were unsubstantiated (p. 15). 117 of the allegations were deemed credible (p. 24). Over half of the accused clerics were deceased (p. 17), and 74% of the accused had prior allegations (p. 29).

87% of the alleged victims of diocesan clergy were male, with abuse most likely to take place between the ages of 10 and 14 (p. 27). Most of the alleged abuse took place between 1965 and 1984 (p. 28).

83% of the alleged victims of religious-order clergy were male, with abuse most likely to take place between the ages of 15 and 17 (p. 38). Most of the alleged abuse took place between 1970 and 1989 (p. 39).

Of the 1,070 allegations, 24 involved current minors. Four allegations were substantiated, and seven were unsubstantiated. Seventeen of the 24 allegations involved girls.

Belarus expels Polish priests as pressure on the Catholic Church intensifies

In recent months, Belarusian authorities have forced out a number of foreign Catholic clergy by refusing to renew their residency permits.

In early March, two priests of the Diocese of Pinsk in southern Belarus were refused permission to continue their ministry. 

In May, three priests of the northern Diocese of Vitebsk lost their permits, followed later that month by five priests and a monk of the Archdiocese of Minsk-Mohilev. All were Polish citizens who had ministered in Belarusian parishes for years, several of them for decades.

A number of the affected priests held parish leadership and deanery-level roles in the Archdiocese of Minsk-Mohilev, the metropolitan see that includes the capital, Minsk.

The move follows a pattern in which the Belarusian government has steadily increased pressure on the Catholic Church in Belarus, a community with long-held Polish ties.

Administrative pressure on foreign priests

Belarus operates one of the most restrictive frameworks for foreign clergy in the region. Priests may serve only with explicit approval from the Plenipotentiary for Religious and Ethnic Affairs, a state office in Minsk headed by Aleksandr Rumak. Human rights organizations have repeatedly criticized Rumak for refusing residency permits without explanation and for declining to engage with the foreign clergy affected.

Permits are tied to a specific parish and are typically granted for just three to six months, though some are issued for a year. Regulations forbid individual parishes from applying for permits on their own; requests must instead pass through registered national religious bodies, a slow and bureaucratic process.

Foreign clergy must also demonstrate proficiency in Belarusian or Russian and are forbidden to carry out religious activities outside the specific localities where their inviting parish is registered. If a priest wishes to celebrate Mass in another parish, further government permission is required.

State security services also closely monitor the sermons, websites, and social media activity of foreign priests, while authorities in Minsk can deny, revoke, or refuse to renew residency permits without giving an official reason.

A notable example is Polish priest Father Józef Geza, who in 2022 was forced to leave Belarus after 25 years of ministry when authorities declined to renew his permit without publicly explaining the decision.

Growing clergy shortages

Metropolitan Archbishop Iosif Staneuski of Minsk-Mohilev acknowledged the impact of these restrictions in a May 28 interview with Vatican News, warning that the number of priests serving in Belarus is steadily declining, particularly in the countryʼs eastern regions.

He said some priests are now required to travel hundreds of kilometers to serve multiple parishes because of the growing shortages.

The archbishop also noted that foreign priests — especially Poles who have ministered in Belarus for decades — are increasingly unable to remain in the country because of residency-permit restrictions, placing additional strain on already limited pastoral resources.

Staneuski said the Church remains open to priests from around the world, stressing that the Catholic Church has no borders and that differences in language, nationality, or skin color are no obstacle to Christian ministry. Yet he explained that the most sustainable solution to Belarus' shrinking number of priests is the development of local vocations, as restrictions on foreign clergy increasingly leave parishes understaffed.

Political roots of the crackdown

Relations between the Belarusian state and the Catholic Church deteriorated sharply after President Alexander Lukashenkoʼs disputed reelection in 2020, which triggered the largest wave of anti-government protests in the countryʼs history.

During the crackdown that followed, Catholic churches sheltered protesters and human rights activists fleeing security forces, while senior clergy publicly condemned the violence. Since then, dozens of priests have faced threats, deportation, administrative penalties, or imprisonment on charges of espionage and treason that the Church and rights groups say were fabricated.

The rift widened after Russiaʼs full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which Belarus helped facilitate by allowing its territory to be used by Russian forces. In line with the Vatican, Belarus' Catholic hierarchy repeatedly called for peace and urged Minsk not to deepen its involvement in the war, placing the Church at odds with a government closely aligned with the Kremlin.

Prominent critics of Lukashenko have also emerged from Belarus' Catholic community. Among them is Nobel Peace Prize laureate Ales Bialiatski, a practicing Catholic and one of the countryʼs most prominent human rights advocates. During a meeting with Pope Leo XIV at the Vatican on May 27, Bialiatski raised concerns about ongoing human rights violations in Belarus.

Polish ties and geopolitical tensions

In September 2020, Russian Foreign Intelligence Service Chief Sergey Naryshkin accused the United States of using Belarus' Catholic communities to foment unrest and sow domestic divisions. Although no evidence was presented, the claims reinforced a narrative promoted by Moscow and Minsk that portrays the Catholic Church as a vehicle for foreign influence.

Those suspicions are amplified by the Belarusian Churchʼs long-standing ties to Poland. Many Belarusian Catholics are concentrated in the western regions of Grodno and Brest near the Polish border, while a significant number of priests either have Polish roots or were educated in Polish seminaries.

At the same time, Warsaw has remained one of the most outspoken critics of both Lukashenko and the Kremlin, frequently condemning repression in Belarus and raising concerns about the treatment of the countryʼs Polish minority.

Against this backdrop, Belarusian authorities have increasingly viewed the Catholic Churchʼs cross-border links as a political liability rather than a religious or cultural connection, making it a recurring target in the governmentʼs broader campaign against independent institutions and civil society.

Patriarch of Jerusalem ordains 4 priests from Neocatechumenal Way

Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa, Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, ordained four priests trained at the Redemptoris Mater Seminary of Galilee — part of the Neocatechumenal Way — on Saturday, June 6, at the Church of the Twelve Apostles within the Domus Galilaeae International Center.

At this significant site of the Neocatechumenal Way on the shores of the Sea of ​​Galilee in the Holy Land, the cardinal conferred priestly ordination upon Francisco Hurtado Cárdenas (Colombia), José Pablo Morera Mesén (Costa Rica), Adolfo René De León Salguero (Guatemala), and David Sotgiu (Italy).

In his homily, Pizzaballa highlighted the providential nature of the date — the eve of Corpus Christi — and emphasized that “there is no Eucharist without a priest, nor a priest without the Eucharist.” The Italian cardinal also stressed that “love cannot be locked within itself; it must be communicated, it must become a gift,” according to the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

The cardinal also emphasized that the priesthood is not a personal possession but a received gift that must be safeguarded. “If you keep it for yourselves, it will be stifled; it must always become a gift,” he warned the new priests.

Pizzaballa also encouraged the new priests to remember “what the Lord has done for you,” so that they do not forget the journey they have traveled or the people who have supported and accompanied them.

He also emphasized that a priest must lead people to an encounter with Christ through his witness and by helping communities live out the faith as something vibrant within the Church.

At the end of the homily, the patriarch highlighted both the beauty and the demanding nature of serving the Church in Jerusalem — a small, complex reality wounded by many situations. “Here, it is necessary to go to the very depths, to live the life of God to the fullest, right where the Word became incarnate and became tangible and real,” he emphasized.

In June of last year, in the same church, Pizzaballa conferred priestly ordination upon John Oscar Nuñez (Philippines), Giacomo Pagliariccia (Italy), and Lucas Solbach (France), who were also trained at the Redemptoris Mater Seminary in Galilee.

Itinerary confirmed for Pope Leo XIV’s trip to France: Paris, Lourdes, and Metz

Paris Archbishop Laurent Ulrich has confirmed that Pope Leo XIV will visit the French capital on Sept. 25 and 26 as part of his apostolic journey to France.

The prelate made the announcement via his official X account, noting also that the pontiffʼs presence would be “a source of comfort and encouragement for many.”

The confirmation coincides with an announcement from the French Bishops' Conference, which stated via social media that the pope will participate in five major gatherings during the visit.

On Sept. 25, the pope will preside over vespers at the Cathedral of Notre-Dame and take part in an evening event with young people; on the 26th, he will celebrate an open-air Mass in Paris; on the 27th, he will celebrate the Eucharist at the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes; and on the 28th, he will preside over Mass at Metz Cathedral.

“We can now give free rein to our joy, as we are able to publicly confirm that Paris will welcome the Holy Father on Sept. 25 and 26 as part of his apostolic journey to France!” Ulrich wrote.

The archbishop noted that the announcement follows several weeks of preparation in his archdiocese and highlighted the importance of the Holy Fatherʼs “pastoral and fatherly care” for French Catholics.

Ulrich expressed pride in the choice of Paris as one of the key stops on the journey: “We know that Paris is just one of the dioceses in France and that each particular Church reflects the face of Christ in its own way.”

He added that the Church in Paris must prepare itself and “work wholeheartedly to create the conditions for a true encounter that transcends our own boundaries.”

Encounters with young people and a large-scale Mass

As the archbishop explained, on Friday, Sept. 25 — prior to vespers at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris with priests, deacons, consecrated religious, and seminarians from across France — the pope will have an encounter with the faithful.

On Saturday, Sept. 26, the pope “will preside over an open-air Mass in the heart of Paris, to which I invite you to join — either by attending in person, if you are able, or through prayer,” Ulrich stated.

Call for volunteers and prayer

The archbishop noted that many logistical details are still being finalized, but he invited the faithful to get involved in organizing the visit.

He also asked for financial support to help welcome the many pilgrims expected to attend the events. Finally, he urged Catholics to support the preparations through prayer.

"Above all, I ask you to join in this preparation through prayer: prayer for the Holy Father ... and prayer for all those ... who will be involved in organizing this visit,” he wrote.

Ulrich concluded by asking for prayers for the Church in France, that it may remain “united behind the bishops in full communion with the successor of Peter” and preserve, “amid all the storms of our time, its faithful joy in the Lord’s Gospel.”

The papal mozzetta: Why the pope wears a red cape

A distinctive feature of Pope Leo XIVʼs apostolic journey to Spain has been the frequent use of the red papal mozzetta, from meeting Spanish royalty in Madrid to praying the Divine Office in Barcelona.

When Leo first appeared on the balcony of St. Peterʼs Basilica to the thousands of faithful gathered in the square after his election, many noticed the return of the mozzetta as reestablishing a papal tradition.

The mozzetta, which fell out of use under Pope Francis, is a short red cape worn over the shoulders. 

Leo has worn it often when meeting heads of state, delivering his “urbi et orbi” addresses at Christmas and Easter, and at special prayer services.

By wearing the mozzetta, Leo has chosen to revive a long-standing custom. But why does he wear it, and what does it symbolize?

History of the mozzetta

The mozzetta is a nonliturgical garment worn by the pope, cardinals, bishops, abbots, and certain priests, including canons of a cathedral chapter. It is normally worn over the cassock.

The history of this garment dates back to at least the 14th century, shortly after the papacy returned to Rome from Avignon. Initially, it was worn by the popes in Avignon to adapt to the colder French climate. 

Eventually, it became part of the popeʼs ceremonial dress around 1400, initially reserved for the pope but later extended to all cardinals and bishops.

The mozzetta also has roots from the earliest centuries of the papacy, when popes began to wear red mantles over white vestments in imitation of the Roman emperors, asserting both temporal and spiritual authority.

The mozzetta traditionally also had a hood attached to it to symbolize penance, but this was discontinued by St. Paul VI in 1969.

Symbolism, use, and differences

The mozzetta, in the case of a prelate, symbolizes his spiritual authority and rank within the Church hierarchy. For a pope, it is normally worn with the papal stole as a sign of his universal jurisdiction over all Catholics.

As a nonliturgical vestment, the mozzetta is normally not used to administer the sacraments. Instead, it is used by the clergy as a choir dress at certain services, e.g., the Divine Office, and by the pope for certain occasions, including audiences, prayer services, and “urbi et orbi” addresses. 

It is customary for the pontiff to wear it when he first presents himself to the crowd after his election.

The mozzetta a pope wears is different from those worn by cardinals and other clerics.

While the mozzetta for cardinals is red and for bishops purple, the pope has five versions of the mozzetta.

The one most commonly worn by the pontiffs is the red satin mozzetta, usually with an embroidered stole.

Pope Benedict XVI revived the use of other styles of the papal mozzetta, including the winter mozzetta (made of red velvet trimmed with white ermine fur) and the white silk mozzetta, worn during the Easter season.

Discontinuity under Francis and a reviving under Leo

When Pope Francis stepped out on the balcony of St. Peterʼs Basilica after his election to greet the faithful, he did not wear the papal mozzetta, preferring a simple white cassock. 

He chose not to wear the vestment during his 12-year pontificate, becoming the first pontiff in living memory not to do so.

Leo XIV has instead chosen to revive the use of the papal mozzetta, in line with his predecessors, who favored wearing certain vestments as a visible reminder of papal tradition.

Lessons of horrific Kenneally case can’t be consigned to history

Displaying a delusional lack of contrition, Bill Kenneally objected to being labelled a convicted paedophile. He was first convicted in 2016 and is currently serving a sentence of over 18 years in Portlaoise Prison for the abuse of 15 children between 1979 and 1990. 

His behaviour was marked by a level of depravity, as the young boys he preyed on were stripped, handcuffed and photographed in the course of the abuse. Yet the paedophile has refused to accept that he ruined the lives of his victims.

He used his family name to evade justice, taunting his victims that they would not be believed due to his connections. Kenneally came from a dynasty steeped in Waterford city politics.

The first reports of Kenneally’s crimes were made to gardaí in the mid-1980s, yet for decades no firm action was taken. He was not arrested until 2013.

He was sentenced to 14 years and two months by Waterford Circuit Criminal Court in 2016, and then four years and six months by Dublin Circuit Criminal Court in 2023.

A Commission of Investigation was set up to examine how state authorities, the Catholic church, politicians and sporting organisations dealt with allegations of sexual abuse made by his victims.

In his testimony to the tribunal, Kenneally claimed he had not done anything wrong, and his criminal actions were consensual.

Mr Justice Michael White, the chairman of the Commission of Investigation, was clear, though, that Kenneally’s actions were one of the most serious cases of paedophilia ever to be uncovered in this country.

The final report found there was a clear and serious dereliction of duty by senior gardaí, even by the standards of the time.

The report said there may not be evidence of widespread collusion by state authorities in preventing a prosecution, but the failure to investigate the matter properly in the 1980s had devastating consequences for the victims.

Nevertheless, members of Kenneally’s family, who had occupied positions of influence, were contacted by a senior garda at the time and arrangements were made for Kenneally to see a psychiatrist. His position in society protected him from prosecution.

A senior officer failed to pursue an investigation, notify health authorities or even listen to advice from his peers.

“He misjudged the nature of Bill Kenneally’s offending – he had the sense that Bill Kenneally was from a very decent, well-thought-of family in Waterford who were a political dynasty in Waterford. There is no doubt that Bill Kenneally received objectively favourable treatment in 1987/88,” the inquiry report said.

The commission has urged new legislation to bring in a criminal offence for Misconduct in Public Office. Such a recommendation will now be passed to the Law Reform Commission for examination.

The lessons from the Kenneally case cannot simply be consigned to history. Modern policing methods and public awareness mean such a case surely could not happen again. In light of the commission’s findings, there is an onus on the Government to act on the recommendations.

APOSTOLIC JOURNEY OF HIS HOLINESS POPE LEO XIV TO SPAIN (6-12 JUNE 2026) VISIT TO THE “PENITENTIARY CENTER BRIANS 1”

ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS POPE LEO XIV

“Penitential Center Brians 1” (Barcelona)


Wednesday, 10 June 2026

_______________________________

Dear brothers and sisters,

Thank you all for your warm and cordial welcome!

I am deeply moved by the testimony shared with us by Montse and Josefina. Thank you very much. I also appreciate the words of Father Jesús, which highlight the commitment of the chaplains and volunteers of the diocesan prison ministry in Sant Feliu de Llobregat.

Every human being is “worthy” by the mere fact “of having been willed, created and loved by God” (Magnifica Humanitas, 52). There is, therefore, no situation that causes the Lord to turn his gaze away from us. It is a consoling truth that accompanies us at all times and reminds us how his merciful love always outweighs whatever good or evil we may have done.

Dear brothers and sisters, this is especially true for you who bear the burden of being far from your loved ones and who suffer because of your current circumstances. When you are tempted to feel inferior and think it is not worth going on, “lift up your eyes” to the One who, through the presence of so many people, never ceases to show you his love and closeness.

Even if anxiety and sadness mark certain moments of your journey, remember that life’s mistakes do not define a person’s identity. Saint Augustine, in his Confessions, speaks of this when he shares his life journey with us. If we trust in divine grace and allow ourselves to be guided and transformed by it, we discover in our lives how the past does not condemn the future, but rather offers us the possibility of changing our decisions and choices.

Let us make room for the Lord in our hearts and seek his face. Let us allow his love to guide us. Let us cling to him, who continually invites us to hope and shows us a wonderful horizon that no physical barrier can prevent us from reaching. Today, he continues to speak to us in the depths of our consciences, helping us discover that he dwells among us. He is only waiting for us to give him a chance.

Dear friends, I invite you to keep dreaming God’s dream. To each of you I say: God loves you just as you are, but he dreams of you being even better! The Lord allows us all to start anew, for being human and being Christian does not mean never making mistakes, but rather growing in the ability to convert, repent, make amends and, above all, to reconcile and forgive.

I entrust you in a special way to the maternal intercession of Our Lady of Mercy, and I willingly ask the Lord to bless you. Thank you very much.

Pope presides over the recitation of the Rosary at Montserrat Abbey

Pope Leo XIV visited the Abbey of Our Lady of Montserrat in Barcelona on Tuesday, where he led the recitation of the Holy Rosary before the image of the Virgin of Montserrat, popularly known as “La Moreneta”.

The visit to the shrine took place after the Pontiff’s morning meeting with inmates at Brians 1 prison. Leo XIV then traveled by helicopter to Montserrat, where he was received by the Bishop of Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Monsignor Xabier Gómez García, and by the Abbot of the monastery, Manel Gasch i Hurios.

Nearly a thousand children awaited him in the basilica’s atrium. After entering the church, the Pope prayed for a few moments in the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament and then proceeded to the presbytery, where the Rosary was prayed.

“La Moreneta has always accompanied me”

During his address, Leo XIV recalled his personal bond with the Virgin of Montserrat, whom he came to know especially during his years as parish priest at the parish of Santa María de Montserrat in Trujillo, Peru.

“La Moreneta has always accompanied me. Thank you, Catalonia, for your faith,” the Pontiff declared, reading some passages of his speech in Catalan.

The Pope said he was glad to be able to come to the feet of the Virgin of Montserrat to entrust to her his Petrine ministry and the Church’s mission in a world that, he said, “cries out for justice and peace”.

Mary leads to Christ

Leo XIV also recalled that Montserrat has for centuries been a place of devotion, gratitude and hope, but also a space marked by the witness of those who shed their blood for love of Jesus Christ.

The Pontiff quoted his predecessor, Pope Francis, who in 2023 offered the Golden Rose to the Virgin of Montserrat and recalled that Mary is fundamental in the life of every Christian.

In this regard, Leo XIV invited the faithful to embrace the Virgin’s words at the wedding in Cana: “Do whatever He tells you.” He explained that this phrase contains a true program for Christian living, because Mary always leads to Christ and teaches us to listen to His voice.

A call to avoid division

In his speech, the Pope stated that Jesus “shows us the way of mercy, reconciliation, truth and meekness.” At the same time, he warned against “the violence that can hide in our words and attitudes: the criticism that humiliates, the condemnation that destroys, and the aggression that divides.”

Leo XIV asked the Virgin to teach Christians to “renounce hurtful words, hasty judgments, gossip and slander.”

He also urged them to cultivate love “in the family, among friends, in the workplace, on social media, in political debates and in Christian communities,” so that “hatred may give way to hope and peace.”

“May communion be stronger than every division”

The Pope invited the faithful to contemplate the Virgin of Montserrat presenting Jesus as a defenseless child in her lap. From that image, he asked them to lay aside “the armor that has gradually hardened the heart.”

Leo XIV stressed that Mary invites Christians to recognize one another as brothers and sisters, “where no one is excluded and where communion is stronger than every division.”

At the end of his address, the Pontiff invited those present to pray: “Of the Catalans you will always be the Princess, of the Spaniards and of the whole world all the love; say to us: ‘You are my treasure, I am your mother, do not be afraid.’”

Greeting from the balcony

After the blessing, the singing of the Salve Regina and the Virolai, Leo XIV withdrew for a few moments to pray in the Virgin’s chapel.

He then greeted the faithful gathered in the square from the monastery balcony and thanked Catalonia for its welcome, also highlighting the work of the Benedictine community of Montserrat in receiving pilgrims who come to the shrine to pray before the Virgin.

Tuesday, June 09, 2026

APOSTOLIC JOURNEY OF HIS HOLINESS POPE LEO XIV TO SPAIN (6-12 JUNE 2026) PRAYER VIGIL

"Lluís Companys" Olympic Stadium (Barcelona)


Tuesday, 9 June 2026

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Dialogue of the Holy Father with Young People

Holy Father, we grow up hearing that the only goal in life is to be productive, succeed and maintain our image. I tried to do just that, but I only found an immense emptiness. So I started to search for answers, my life took a turn, and I was baptized this past Easter. Since this path is new to me, I would like to ask: How can we keep our gaze lifted up toward what truly matters, when society pressures us constantly to look at the ground or only at ourselves? How can we discover our true vocation in the midst of this strong current?

1. Thank you for sharing your testimony. First of all, I would like to share in your joy, as well as that of all those who have received the sacrament of Baptism this Easter. Many young people and adults are rediscovering the Christian faith, sometimes after having drifted away from God over a period of time. This is a significant step. Indeed, everything we gradually discover, embrace and experience along the way certainly contributes to our growth and maturity and creates space for interior life. However, at the same time, amid life’s joys, successes and defeats, we realize that we need a different kind of water to quench our deepest thirst. Our desire for truth and happiness requires wider horizons. This restlessness is a gift that God himself gives: We are made for the infinite, and that is why every finite horizon, every step, every achievement — while satisfying us — also propels us forward and invites us to keep searching, to search as we move forward, but above all, to search by “going inward,” that is, by delving deeper.

Here, I would like to come back to the question with two brief thoughts. First, we must cultivate that healthy sense of restlessness. In our societies, the idolatry of profit and performance, the drive to always produce and win, as well as the cult of self-image, are nothing more than anesthetics designed to numb our conscience and mold it to a certain vision of society. When people learn to pause and value what is important, appreciate time in a new way and reflect on their own lives while allowing themselves to be enlightened by the Gospel, they also develop a critical perspective on a social system that does not put people first and creates situations of injustice and existential poverty at various levels. That is why restlessness is frightening, as is the discovery of one's inner self, of spirituality and, even more so, of the Gospel. Second, it is in this world that we must cultivate restlessness, not in another. It is within this society that you and so many others have discovered the value of a more human and fulfilling life, open to encountering God and to the joy of faith. This means that, despite the difficulties, the place where God makes himself present and where we must find his footprints is always in our current reality. We believe that the Holy Spirit acts and works silently in all situations of life and history, even the most difficult ones. However, we must nurture this restlessness and make room for it. As I said, “look within” and try not to be overwhelmed by the pace of life and external temptations. Cultivate moments of silence, perhaps pausing for a few minutes each day to read the Gospel and speak with God. Try to walk this inner path together with others, allowing yourselves to be accompanied on the journey and engaging with priests, religious and people who, like us, have set out on this path.

Holy Father, in a world where so many things are shouted from the rooftops, there are aspects of life that remain hidden in silence and shame, such as depression, a silent illness that affects many people — both young and old — and brings with it darkness, isolation and immeasurable pain. Sometimes, the pain is so overwhelming that the idea of disappearing seems like the only way out. I myself struggled to overcome this illness in silence for years, and one Friday night I lost the battle and tried to take my own life. I am here because God gave me a second chance, and I will be eternally grateful to him, but there are many others who continue to face this darkness. That is why I ask you with all my heart: Where can we see God when the darkness is absolute and we cannot take it anymore? How can we trust in God when it seems that nothing — not even our own life — is worth it?

2. First of all, thank you for sharing your experience of suffering with us today. I am moved that you are able to speak about it, that you are here among us and that you have found the strength to embrace this second chance that the Lord has given you. You have risen and continued your journey, and this is a remarkable miracle that we see in many Gospel passages. Through contact with Jesus, even those who feel lost regain confidence in life; healed of their illness, they can rise to live again.

In your question, you first referred to depression as a “silent illness.” It is important to recognize how mental health is increasingly threatened in the context of societies that consider themselves advanced. This is a sign that there is something deeply wrong with a certain notion of progress that subjects people to pressures, expectations and tensions that compromise healthy balances. For this reason, we need a healthcare system that prioritizes this invisible and widespread malaise, which also affects young people.

Your words, however, have also shown us that suffering tests our faith and the meaning we give to life. This is true for everyone, not just for those who at some point face the trial of illness.

As I listened to you, I thought of the hours of darkness, anguish and pain that Jesus experienced as the hour of his death drew near. The Gospels, in the accounts of the Last Supper and the prayer in Gethsemane, emphasize that evening was falling and that night was coming. Shortly before his death on the cross, we read that “darkness came over the whole land.” But, in reality, this was not merely a matter of personal suffering. The Son of God took all the anguish, loneliness and suffering of humanity upon himself, in his own flesh. In those dark hours, as he was dying on the cross, Jesus shared our pain and revealed to us the face of a compassionate God, who bears our sorrows, who suffers with us, weeps our tears and remains at our side with his presence full of love and mercy.

Going through this experience is difficult, as Sacred Scripture attests time and again. There are moments of darkness and suffering that our society silences because certain cultural norms demand that we always be victorious and perfect, and so our limitations, fragility and pain must be eliminated or confined to the deafening silence of loneliness or even shame. And in these moments, we may instinctively think that God has abandoned us as well. However, the cross of Jesus tells us that God does not abandon us, that he is at our side, crucified with us in moments of pain and extreme loneliness, that he gathers not only our tears but also the cry of our suffering that others do not hear — a cry that Jesus made his own on the cross, saying, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” In a catechesis on the final hours of Jesus, Benedict XVI says that his suffering becomes a cry of prayer, and this is true for us as well: in the face of the most difficult and painful situations, when God seems absent, we must entrust to him once again the burdens we carry in our hearts, even crying out to him, even protesting like Job, confident that in some way he is present and near even when he appears to be silent. But I believe we cannot do this alone. In times of pain, at least as much as possible, we must open ourselves to someone who can help us utter a simple prayer, who can accompany us with discretion without rushing to explain that pain, who can take us by the hand and lead us out of this cry. These experiences also offer a message to us believers, to the whole Church: we must not spiritualize pain, superficially attributing it to “God’s will” or to some mysterious plan of his, because this risks minimizing that suffering, silencing it and hurting people. God does not want suffering. He carries it with us and invites us to trust in him with perseverance. Let us remember what Pope Francis said: with God, life is always reborn.

Good evening, Holy Father. I come from a family in a very poor neighborhood of Barcelona. When I was little, my father tried to kill my mother, and she was saved because a young man stepped in and died instead. My father went to prison, and my mother turned to drugs. When I was ten, social services took me in and sent me to the “San José de la Montaña” juvenile detention center. At first it was difficult because I had built a wall around myself to protect myself by not letting anyone in. Little by little, I experienced family love for the first time, and my heart began to open up. There they told me about Jesus; I started to pray and was baptized. But during my teenage years, I rebelled against God many times. I was invited to a retreat, and there, for the first time, I experienced God’s love. But a few months have passed, and I still find it hard to forgive my father. And sometimes I look up to heaven and ask God, “Where were you when I was a little girl?” Holy Father, how can I forgive my father for almost leaving me without a mother? How can I truly be reconciled with God?

3. Thank you for sharing your testimony and thank you also for your question about forgiveness. It is truly a sign of God’s grace that you have the courage to ask how to forgive those who have wronged us despite your past suffering. I would like to mention two things.

First, I would like to expand on what I said earlier about God’s presence in our times of suffering. Deep down, you are also asking this question in relation to your childhood. However, the context in which the events of your life have unfolded requires us to broaden the scope of our question. Should we ask “where was God”? Or should we ask ourselves about humanity, about how we are sometimes prisoners of evil, resorting to violence against others? How is it that we fail to cultivate love and respect for others’ dignity and freedom? So many crime reports, even today, reflect a toxic climate in family relationships marked by abuse and oppression and, in particular, by violence against women, which unfortunately often leads to femicide. We are all called to address this dramatic reality, which has anthropological and cultural roots, both personally and as a society, because we are responsible for confronting it in all its dimensions. We cannot attribute to God what has been entrusted to our responsibility; we cannot imagine that God, from on high, will automatically respond to our needs or miraculously prevent evil from happening. He has endowed us with intelligence and will, given us a conscience, clothing us in dignity and freedom, and above all has come among us in his Son, Jesus Christ, showing us the path to follow so that our lives may be fully human and so that justice, peace and fraternity may reign in our society. He has given us his own Spirit, precisely so that love may be the key to all our human relationships. If violence exists, if selfishness prevails, if even love among family members turns into hatred, we must question the dynamics of our society, the culture of individualism and the temptation of violence — but not God.

The second point concerns forgiveness. We must learn to view forgiveness — that powerful remedy for evil that heals our inner wounds — as part of a process and a journey. If we read the Gospel as a book of instructions, commandments and duties, we risk becoming greatly discouraged and frustrated because Jesus invites us to forgive, yet we find ourselves unable to do so. But that is not the case. Above all, we must seek forgiveness from the Lord. We must continually ask the Lord — perhaps for our entire lives — to expand the space of love within us, precisely where we have been wounded, that he can help us reconcile with ourselves and with that part of our past that has been marked by suffering, so that he may slowly transform resentment into mercy and compassion. This is a long journey and a process that requires great patience. It is an effort we must make, both on a personal level and through other means of support, as well as inner reconciliation. We must not lose heart: we move forward in small steps toward forgiveness. Reconciliation with the past is gradual. Above all, we must not think that forgiveness always and in every case means returning to the previous situation or having a close relationship with those who have hurt us, especially when there was violence. We can maintain a good disposition of heart toward the person, reject all forms of hatred or revenge, strive to repair the relationship as much as possible and perhaps pray for him or her. All of this helps us to enter more and more into the dynamic of forgiveness and to be reconciled with God and with others. We are forgiven sinners; we are at peace, are able to forgive and are able to be peacemakers.

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Homily of the Holy Father

Like Nicodemus, we too are pilgrims in the night. This Gospel figure offers us a message primarily about the journey of life. Our journey, our desires and everything we embrace and experience daily — in joys and defeats, in aspirations and plans — are the expression of our ongoing search. We are beggars for love; we are truly hungry and thirsty. We seek a deeper meaning that will sustain us, inspire us, and help us understand the mystery of our lives. As we slowly move forward, one small step at a time, we are called to engage with the shadows of our own human condition: we lack the full truth; we do not fully fathom the mystery of ourselves or the true identity of others; we do not always succeed in understanding the hidden truth of the reality that surrounds us and the events unfolding before our eyes. We seek a light to illuminate the path.

But Nicodemus also speaks to us about the path of faith. It is not a path that runs parallel to that of our human existence. Rather, these two paths are always intertwined. As we heard in the Gospel, God so loved the world that he gave us his only begotten Son, and in him, united himself forever with our flesh. He is always with the Father and with us. Thus, every time the mystery of our life unfolds in the light of a new day, in all that we are and do, we are in God’s presence and held in his eternal embrace: our life “is hidden with Christ in God” (Col 3:3). Yet, at times we experience the night of faith, the weariness of believing, the fatigue of the spirit, a sense of inadequacy in the face of the Gospel’s call, the bitterness of our failures and the fear of not measuring up.

Brothers and sisters, Nicodemus teaches us that these nights — which accompany our lives, our journey of faith, and the history in which we live — are a time of blessing, a place for rebirth, a womb that always gives birth to new life. These nights strip us bare and return us to what is essential. They remove the human and religious masks we wear by day to keep ourselves from being recognized or to present ourselves differently than we are. They expose us, revealing our lights and our shadows. These nights restore us to the humility of knowing how to look at ourselves in truth, beyond the presumption of thinking that our journey is already complete and that we move forward as if we had a clear understanding of everything, everyone and even God.

The “empty space” that night creates, even when it takes the form of suffering or dissatisfaction, of disillusionment or unbelief, can be an opportunity to receive new life, to change and be renewed, to be “born again from above,” as Jesus tells Nicodemus. In fact, God did not come to judge the world in its sin and the night of its unfaithfulness, but sent his Son to save it, to give the world eternal life.

For this reason, we too are called not to judge the “nights” — neither the nights of our own lives, those of the Church, nor those of the society around us. In the night, we must instead set out on a journey as Nicodemus did, continuing to ask questions of the Lord and open ourselves to the wind of the Spirit. We must welcome the night no longer as a sign of failure, but as the beginning of a new life.

And as we reflect on our personal journey, as well as on the “nights” of our journey as a Church and those of Spain — in its cities, its old and new forms of poverty, its society and culture — we may well ask ourselves: What are the “nights” we are passing through? What do they say to us? As we enter into them and humbly look, without prejudice, at the reality of who we are, what are we called to change? Where must we seek renewal? What direction do we want to take? What kind of society do we want to build?

Even in the heart of night, we must not give up searching, questioning and dialoguing with God and with each other. Let us walk together in the faith that harmonizes the diversity of our ideas and sensibilities in order to seek the truth that will guide us toward the common good. This country may then be a welcoming space for all, where each person’s dignity is respected and everyone loved for who they are. Let us open ourselves to the gift of the Spirit, seeking the Lord like Nicodemus, and welcoming the light of his Gospel with the certainty that we will experience a new life within us, a presence that blesses, a gratuitous love that will help us pass from night into light. For God does not want anything to be lost, and even now he desires to give us eternal life and lead us to a happiness that has no end.

Through the intercession of the Virgin Mary, may the Lord grant us the grace to open ourselves to him and to be shaken by the wind of his Spirit.

APOSTOLIC JOURNEY OF HIS HOLINESS POPE LEO XIV TO SPAIN (6-12 JUNE 2026) MIDDAY PRAYER

HOMILY OF HIS HOLINESS POPE LEO XIV

Cathedral of the Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia (Barcelona)


Tuesday, 9 June 2026

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Dear brothers and sisters,

With great joy I begin my visit by praying Midday Prayer together with you in this Cathedral.

The Second Vatican Council defines the Divine Office as “the voice of the bride herself addressed to her bridegroom” (Sacrosanctum Concilium, 84) and “the prayer which Christ himself together with his body addresses to the Father” (ibid.). The reading we have just heard also emphasizes that “in the one Spirit we were all baptized into one body” (1 Cor 12:13). We can therefore allow ourselves to be guided in our reflection precisely by these two images: the bride and the body.

The first reminds us that the Church — and in particular this assembly, rich in gifts and charisms and in the diversity of each person’s story — is above all a beloved bride. God has willed you to be here, because in you and in your being together he loves a unique and sacred beauty and goodness. He has chosen you to represent today the “communion of saints” (cf. 1 Cor 1:2) that is in Barcelona. It is with this awareness that I invite you to renew, in harmony, your resolve to walk together — all of you, faithful and pastors alike — in the footsteps of Christ, toward the fullness of life. The Church is the fruit of an act of love that precedes her and comes from God. Above all, she grows by allowing herself to be loved by him, united, with a humble and grateful heart, because only those who allow themselves to be loved by God can build, together with others, the works of love.

In this regard, not many years ago Pope Francis recommended that this diocesan community begin “from the encounter with Christ” in order to grow “in fraternity, in the proclamation of the Good News of the Gospel” (Video Message on the Occasion of the Inauguration of the Tower of the Virgin Mary in the Basilica of the Sagrada Familia, 8 December 2021). A year later, he repeated to the seminarians of this Archdiocese on pilgrimage in Rome: “Never cease to savor and remember this love of predilection which pours and will pour itself abundantly into your heart […]. Never extinguish that fire which will make you fearless preachers of the Gospel” (Address to the Community of the Seminary of Barcelona, 10 December 2022).

His words point to the atmosphere we are called to foster in our communities, in our families, in our parishes, in our workplaces and places of learning, within the Curia and in every other sphere of life. It must be a family atmosphere, where we live together, mindful of our status as children of God and our common calling, showing solidarity, openness, and a capacity for mercy, sacrifice, mutual care and forgiveness.

Dear friends: Barcelona, in this regard, has a great ecclesial tradition. Saint John Paul II recalled this when, during his visit here, he praised the “welcoming spirit that throughout history has led the people of Barcelona and Catalonia — you — to share human and Christian citizenship with countless people” (Angelus, Barcelona, 7 November 1982). He encouraged you to “proclaim before the Church that this city and this region are a spacious home open to Christian fraternity” (ibid.).

In his words, we see the faces of so many brothers and sisters among you who have dedicated and continue to dedicate themselves to building harmony and communion, beyond all polarization. Even today his words find fulfilment in the vitality of the numerous works of proclamation, formation and charity which all of you encourage and practice.

This brings us to the second image we wish to consider: that of the body, the subject of the reading we have just heard (cf. 1 Cor 12:12–13). If Christ is the bridegroom who loved us first, he is also the head to whom we are united as members of a single body, each at the service of the other, people from “every tribe and language and people and nation” (Rev 5:9), all animated by the action of the same Spirit, all called to the same holiness. This, too, is important, because it reminds us that for us, working together is not a matter of “style,” but a physiological necessity, founded on the grace granted to each of us “according to the measure of Christ’s gift” (Eph 4:7). We must respond to that gift by putting into practice the charisms we have received in respect for the ministries entrusted to us. It is the Spirit who impels us, as parts of a single living structure, not only to give ourselves unreservedly wherever Providence calls us, but to do so according to God’s designs, in obedience and trust.

Just as in a body, so too among us there are members who are stronger and others who are weaker; some are visible, performing functions that are evident to the outside world, while others are hidden, working from within — in some cases without ceasing and carrying out vital functions without anyone taking notice.

There are countless contrasts with which we could illustrate the variety and importance of the roles and missions we find among ourselves, but the message is always the same. That is, in the richness of the gifts we have received, we are strong because we are united, and we are united because we are animated by the same Spirit, the Spirit of Christ, who is the Spirit of communion for the salvation of all (cf. Eph 4:4). Therefore, it is important for each of us not to allow anything to destroy the unity in which God has established us and toward whose fullness he leads us day by day.

Barcelona is called “Cap i Casal de Catalunya,” which gives this community — all of you, the people of Barcelona and Catalonia — a special vocation and a responsibility to become, with God’s help, builders of unity.

Soon we will venerate the relics of Saint Eulalia, co-patroness of this Cathedral, the Archdiocese, and the city.

Speaking of the Martyrs, Saint Augustine said: “It should not seem a small matter to us, that we are members of the same person’s body as they are too, even though we cannot compare with them […] we obey the same Lord […], we pursue the same charity, and we embrace the same unity” (Sermon 280, 6).

Dear brothers and sisters: it is in this spirit that we too, in a world torn apart by wars and divisions, in a society that is increasingly fragmented and individualistic, wish to be “martyrs” — that is, witnesses and prophets of unity, of welcome, of harmony and of peace, even at the cost of sacrifice and renunciation. Like the virgin Eulalia and so many other martyrs, we wish to say our “yes,” ready if necessary to die to ourselves, to lose ourselves in order to find ourselves again, to renounce the superfluous in order to build upon what is essential and lasts forever (cf. Mt 16:24–26).

This is what the crucified One teaches us; this is what the Apostle Paul and the examples of the saints invite us to do. This is what we wish to do together, in accordance with Jesus’ prayer to the Father during the Last Supper: “I in them and you in me, that they may become completely one, so that the world may know that you have sent me and that you have loved them even as you have loved me” (Jn 17:23).

May Mary, Mother of the Church and Mother of unity, help us to be faithful to this commitment and this mission: Santa Maria de la Mercè, pregueu per nosaltres.