A new survey of marriage in seven European countries shows that
stable marriages lead to “more healthy lifestyles and better emotional
and physical health,” and have a marked effect on longevity.
The two Cardiff medical students, David Gallacher and John Gallacher,
who authored the study, cite a Cambridge study of “one billion person
years across seven European countries that found that married persons
had age adjusted mortality rates that were 10-15 per cent lower than the
population as a whole.”
This statistic alone makes stable marriage “probably worth the effort,” the authors state.
They added, “Marriage generally indicates a deeper commitment” which
“might explain why marriage is associated with better mental health
outcomes than cohabiting.”
They note, however, that while “civil
partnerships should theoretically confer the same benefits as
heterosexual partnerships … this needs to be balanced against the
shorter duration of many same-sex relationships.”
According to the study, physical and mental health benefits of marriage “seem to accrue over time.
The authors cite a 30-year longitudinal study published in the
British Journal of Psychiatry, which found that “the duration of a
relationship was associated with better mental health scores, while the
difference in mortality rates in favour of marriage, increases with
age.”
“In terms of physical health, men benefit more from being in a
relationship than women, but in terms of mental health women benefit
more than men,” the researchers observe.
The physical health premium for men is likely to be caused by their
partner’s positive influence on lifestyle, the authors speculate.
Meanwhile, marriage's mental health bonus for women may be related to “a
greater emphasis on the importance of the relationship in women,” they
write.
Looking at the negative consequences of difficult and strained
relationships, the authors note that their research found “being single
is associated with better mental health than being in a strained
relationship” and that “the ending of a strained relationship brings
mental health benefits.”
However, they warn that successive short-term
relationships are harmful to well-being.
“For women, multiple partnership transitions are associated with
poorer mental health, and increased mortality,” they write.
“The take
home message is simple,” the authors conclude.
“Exclusive and
supportive relationships confer substantial mental and physical health
benefits that grow over time.”