The Catholic Church has filed
more than 11,000 claims for the return of confiscated property, after
the authorities pledged to give back tens of billions of crowns worth of
land and buildings.
The claims are thought to constitute a majority of
those made as part of the government's restitution plan, under which it
intends to hand 134 billion Kč in property and compensation to 16
religious organizations.
Parliament
passed a bill November 2012 giving the green light to the restitution
and this law, which came into effect January, was upheld by a
constitutional court in Brno in June.
While applauded by religious
organizations, the plans to return 75 billion Kč worth of property and
pay out, over three decades, 59 billion Kč in compensation for
unreturned property have come up against opposition from campaigners who
say the handover will result in corruption.
Organizations
have been given a year to make requests for the return of land or
property, although determining what actually should be given back is
likely to prove a complex process.
Institutions are expected to show
proof of ownership in pre-communist times, although incomplete record
keeping and the extensive damage to records from floods in 2002 mean
this will be difficult in many instances.
Historians may be used to help
verify claims, while the Culture Ministry, the national Land Fund and
the forestry company Lesy ČR are overseeing the whole process.
In an Aug. 12 meeting
with Prime Minister Jiří Rusnok, who is set to step down after his
Cabinet lost a recent confidence vote in the Chamber of Deputies, Prague
Archbishop Dominik Duka reportedly said it was important that deadlines
already set for the restitution process were met.
According to the
Czech News Agency (ČTK), some church officials have complained to media
that the process is taking longer than expected. That the more than
11,000 claims made by the Catholic Church make up a majority of claims
filed so far ties in with predictions the organization will receive 80
percent of money and property from the process.
Duka has previously
indicated that the return of its property could allow the Catholic
Church to set up hospices and schools.
The
restitution, which concerns land and property seized by the Communists
from 1948, and the issue of how it should be resolved, has been a
talking point since the Velvet Revolution nearly a quarter of a century
ago.
The then-Finance Minister Miroslav Kalousek said in June, after the
Brno court upheld the restitution law, that the legislation was "valid
and effective."
"Finally, we
are the last country of the former Soviet bloc to be able to remove this
international disgrace and settle relations with our churches," he
said.
While the restitution
program is likely to involve large cash handouts to religious
organizations, supporters of the scheme say these will come at the
expense of grants to these same institutions, so the additional
expenditure entailed is less it appears.
Opinion
polls however have shown a majority of Czechs, only about 10 percent of
whom are Catholics, are against the proposals and an organization, Stop
církevním restitucím (Stop Church Restitution) has even petitioned the
Vatican to intervene to halt the process.
The Social Democrats (ČSSD)
have also been strongly opposed to the restitution.
Opponents
of restitution have raised questions about how the Catholic Church
acted under Nazi occupation and some have warned of the risk of the
"embezzlement" of funds by officials.
The Czech Republic is not the only
country where the restitution of church property confiscated during the
Second World War has been in the news in recent weeks.
A number of US
congressmen have recently called on US Secretary of State John Kerry to
press the authorities in Romania to speed up the restitution process of
confiscated Hungarian church property, after a law was passed increasing
from five years to 10 years the delay before property is returned.
In
response, politics.hu reported, the US Department of State last month
released a letter in which Acting Assistant Secretary for Legislative
Affairs Thomas B Gibbons said ensuring the restitution issue in Romania
was dealt with was "a priority" for the US administration.
More than
2,000 buildings in Romania were confiscated from several churches, along
with actual church buildings and nearly 2,000 Jewish-owned properties.