A chant of "Lumen Christi" (Latin for light of Christ) echoed in the cavernous basilica.
Then the vast space began twinkling with light as cardinals and other prelates lit their candles from the flame on the pope's Easter candle and, one by one, members of the congregation lit their neighbor's candle in a quick succession of lights.
A light switch was thrown, and the Mass began, led by Benedict, dressed in gold-and-white colored vestments.
Easter Sunday is Christianity's most important feast day, when faithful mark their belief in the resurrection of Christ after Jesus' death by crucifixion. For Christians worldwide, Easter represents God's promise of eternal life after death.
Five adult converts were selected to be baptized by the pope during the ceremony: two Italian men, and one woman each from Italy, China and the United States.
Before moving up the aisle of the vast basilica, Benedict took a knife and carved the Greek letters "alpha" and "omega" into the candle. Then he inserted five grains of incense into the wax.
On Sunday morning, Benedict will celebrate Mass in St. Peter's Square, then read his Easter message for the world at noon (1000 GMT).
The stamina of Benedict, who turns 82 on April 16, has appeared to hold up well during Holy Week ceremonies, including a Way of the Cross procession he watched on Good Friday night from a terrace overlooking the Colosseum.
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(Source: AP)