St Laurence O'Toole: a spiritual leader for difficult times
Archbishop of Dublin during the takeover of Ireland by the Normans and King Henry II, St Lawrence O'Toole's efforts in the peace process and his frustration with King Henry probably caused his early death. Highly honoured at Eu in Normandy, France, where he died. It was the monks at Eu that introduced his cause to Rome.
Prince and hostage
Laurence O'Toole was born in Castledermot, Co. Kildare in 1128. His father was Maurice O'Toole, King of Hy Murray. It was common practice in those times for princes of one clan to be given as hostages to another clan, as a guarantee of peace. When Laurence was ten years old he was given as hostage to Dermot McMurrough, King of Leinster, who treated him very badly. Laurence was sent in chains to a remote place, where he got very little to eat; he hadn't even enough clothes to keep him warm in the winter. For two years, even though he was a king's son, he learnt what it was like to be poor and to be oppressed.
Monk
After two years, it was agreed that Laurence would be released. He was sent to a monastery at Glendalough, and the monks made him welcome. It was agreed that his father would come and collect him there. But Laurence soon came to love Glendalough. He liked joining the monks in prayer. After his two years as a hostage, he realised that wealth and power were not important. He felt very close to God in Glendalough. He asked his father's permission to stay there, and become a monk, and his father agreed. When he was still only 25, Laurence was elected Abbot of the monastery. As the leader of the community he encouraged the monks in their learning. There was always a welcome in the monastery for the poor. When there was a famine in the area, Laurence sold some of the treasures of Glendalough to provide food for those who were hungry.
Archbishop
In 1162 Laurence became the first Irish-born Archbishop of the Danish city of Dublin. In those days, many of the people of Dublin didn't take their Christian religion very seriously. Laurence encouraged them to become real Christians. He brought monks to Dublin from France, and they lived at Christchurch Cathedral. They helped many people to come back to Mass, and to the Sacraments. Laurence himself never forgot his own days of poverty. He continued to care for the poor, especially homeless children. He made room for them in his own house, and they shared the food at his table.
Man of prayer
Laurence was a man of prayer. He got up in the early hours to sing the office with the other monks in the cathedral and often stayed on afterwards, deep in prayer. Then he would walk for a while in the little graveyard, watching and praying over the city. When he had some free time, he loved to go to Glendalough and spend a few days in solitude in a lakeside hermitage which could be reached only by boat.
Mission to reform the Irish Church
As Archbishop of Dublin, Laurence participated in the Third Lateran Council in Rome in 1179, with some of the other Irish bishops. The Pope, Alexander III, knew that Ireland had been going through a bad time. He knew that many people, including priests, were no longer taking their religion seriously. He entrusted to Laurence the task of reforming the Church in Ireland.
The peace process
The Normans landed in Ireland in 1169. The following year they besieged Dublin under their leader, Strongbow. Laurence met Strongbow to arrange peace but the Normans attacked while the talks were going on. They seized the city, and began killing the citizens and looting their houses. Laurence saved the lives of many people.
He often visited England in his efforts to bring about peace between the two countries.
Travelling by sea was dangerous and shipwrecks were common. More than once, his ship was caught in a violent storm. In 1175 he was one of the signatories of the Treaty of Windsor between England's King Henry II and Ireland's High King, Roderic O'Connor.
But the work of making peace is never finished. A new dispute broke out between the King of England and the Irish Kings. In the spring of 1180, Laurence left Ireland again to see if he could help to settle the dispute. The English King, Henry II, didn't have much time for bishops. He had already arranged to have the Archbishop of Canterbury (Thomas à Becket) murdered.
He would not welcome Laurence O'Toole. He saw a chance to get rid of Laurence as Archbishop of Dublin and would not let him come back to Ireland. Henry had control of Normandy as well as England. Laurence followed him there. As long as there was a chance of peace, he would not give up trying.
Death in exile
In 1180, Laurence became seriously ill. The monks at Eu in Normandy looked after him in their monastery. But eventually, on 14th November 1180, at the age of 52, he died. His tomb is in the crypt, under the Collegial Church at Eu. Many people still go there to pray. Laurence was canonized in 1225.